Student researchers with the “Unsettling the Settler Artist, Reframing the Canadian Visual Arts” SSHRC Insight Grant project also thought alongside Wəlastəkokew Professor Andrea Bear Nicholas’s award-winning work on the role of colonial artists in the settler colonization of Wəlastəkwihkok. Using Bear Nicholas’s writing helped them to think about archival collections of art and culture that historicize “New Brunswick” (see “The Role of Colonial Artists in the Dispossession and Displacement of the Maliseet, 1790s-1850s,” Journal of Canadian Studies 49, no. 2 (Spring 2015): 25-86: ttps://muse.jhu.edu/journal/330). These images and historical captions are a sampling of their archival findings (content warning: please note the use of colonial historical terminology for Wəlastəkokewiyik).
A View of the City and Harbour of St. John, New Brunswick, N.A., taken from Hills WSW of Fort Howe, 1815, painted by Ralph Stennett. Published by Charles Turner, London. Aquatint and etching (48.7 x 60.7 cm). New Brunswick Museum, http://www.nbm-mnb.ca (21183.2).“Thoma [Thomas] Barnaby, deposed Restigouche Chief; taken in the act of relating (to the artist) a story of old Indian times.” Pencil sketch by H. D. O’Halloran [October] 1841, 21 x 13 cm. Drawn while the artist was visiting Mi’kmaq villages with Moses Perley or Lt. Rolland, or both, in September and October, 1841. PANB (MC3302.-MS3A-3).“Joseph Sebatis, Indian who carves the pipes,” by Sir or Lady Head, 1848. Graphite on paper. PANB (MC4225-MS1-3).Watercolour of Wolastoqiyik / Maliseet hunting scene attributed to Ariana Shore, possibly after John Stanton. Recto inscription “April 3rd, 1850.” PANB (MC14-MS26-C).Watercolour of Wolastoqiyik / Maliseet people, one carving a paddle, another holding a traditional fishing spear. Attributed to Ariana Shore, possibly after John Stanton, c.1850. PANB (MC14-MS26-D).“Indian Wigwam, Fredericton, N.B.,” attributed to Capt. John Campbell, c.1832-37. Graphite on wove paper. PANB (MC300-MS98-C).“The Governor’s House, Fredericton,” by William Henry Bartlett. Engraving by John Cousen, from Canadian Scenery, Vol. II, by Nathaniel Parker Willis, London, 1842. (21 x 27 cm). Hand-coloured. PANB (MC2946-MS2A-D).“Antoine Misael [Mitchell] 90 years of age: taken in the act of explaining to the artist the meaning of certain hieroglyphic characters peculiar to the Micmac tribe of Indians,” by H. D. O’Halloran, Restigouche, October 1841, while the artist was visiting Mi’kmaq villages with Moses Perley or Lt. Rolland or both, in September and October 1841. Drawing, pencil on paper (21 x 13 cm). PANB (MC3302-MS3-A-2).“Josep André [Andrew] Julian [Julien], Chief of the Pogmoclch [Pogmouche] Indians: Negàni Saqamawit Pogm[?] : taken in the act of speaking in council,” by H. D. O’Halloran, 13 September 1841, while the artist was visiting Mi’kmaq villages with Moses Perley or Lt. Rolland or both, in September and October 1841. Drawing, pencil on paper (21.2 x 13.2 cm). PANB (MC3302-MS3-A-1).“General View of Stanley, from the Road, August 1835,” by Philip Harry. Hand-coloured lithograph by S. Russell of Day and Haghe Lithographers, London, 1836. PANB (MC299-MS118-2).(Detail) “Plan of Ourasstook or St. John’s River from the Harbour of St. Johns (sic) to the Great Falls. From an Actual Survey in the winters of 1784 & 1785 By Dugald Campbell Lieutenant (late of the 42nd Reg.t) and Assist.t Engineer. Scale three miles to an inch.” 1785. Black and white silver gelatin photo print (copy) of original in PRO, London. This map is especially notable for its preservation of Maliseet place names, written next to the English. PANB (H3 203.29 1785).“On the Kenibeckasis near St. John,” by Lady Mary (Heaviside) Love. Hand-coloured lithograph, by Day and Haghe, London, 1831. PANB (MC299-4).“Caribou Hunting in New Brunswick – The Start.” Engraving by M. Jackson. Hand-coloured wood engraving from p. 88 of The Illustrated London News, January 24, 1863. Note what appears to be an aboriginal guide in the rear of the sleigh. PANB (MC299-11).“Caribou Hunting in New Brunswick – In at the Death,” anonymous artist and engraver. Published in The Illustrated London News, 18 January 1863. PANB.“Encampment of Surveying Party at the Site of Stanley,” by Phillip Harry, July 1834. Hand-coloured lithograph by S. Russell of Day and Haghe Lithographers, London, 1836. PANB (MC299-MS118-2).Interior of a Wigwam, Fredericton, c.1835-37, by William Robert Herries. Watercolour and pencil on paper (28.6 x 41.3 cm). Beaverbrook Art Gallery.Winter View from the Company’s Office at St. Mary’s Opposite Fredericton, Looking Up the River St. John, 1809, by Philip Harry after William Porden Kay. Coloured lithograph on paper (18.7 x 27.3 cm). Beaverbrook Art Gallery.Aboriginal Group at Gagetown, New Brunswick, 1875-78. James McClure & Company Stereograph. Albumen print mounted on card (8.7 x 17.6 cm). New Brunswick Museum, http://www.nbm-mnb.ca, (1956.43.19).
Making Baskets, c.1845, by John Thomas Stanton. Watercolour over red chalk on wove paper (23.4 x 18.3 cm). New Brunswick Museum, http://www.nbm-mnb.ca, (5179.1).
Going to Market, c.1845, by John Thomas Stanton. Watercolour over red chalk on wove paper (23.2 x 18.4 cm). New Brunswick Museum, http://www.nbm-mnb.ca, (5179.2).
Wolastoqew Girls, c.1860. Ambrotype mounted in embossed brass mat (6.5 x 5.2 cm). New Brunswick Museum, http://www.nbm-mnb.ca, (9544).
Hunter, 1843, by John Graham. Carved wood (195 x 80 x 56 cm). New Brunswick Museum, http://www.nbm-mnb.ca, (33257).
Malecite Indian Wooden Hut Interior – St. John River, c.1840, by Robert Petley. Watercolour with graphite on wove paper, laid down on board. New Brunswick Museum, http://www.nbm-mnb.ca, (W5943).
Moli Elizabet Francis, Mrs. John Alexander, Noel Francis, MAKAW and Others at Neqotkuk (Tobique First Nation), New Brunswick, c.1904. Photograph, silver print mounted on card. New Brunswick Museum, http://www.nbm-mnb.ca, (X10724).
Soloman Bear, William Paul, Frank Sapier (Bungi), Peter Saulis and Others at Neqotkuk (Tobique First Nation), New Brunswick, c.1904. Photograph, silver print mounted on card. New Brunswick Museum, http://www.nbm-mnb.ca, (X11672).
Wolastoqew Family with Baskets, New Brunswick, c.1935. Silver print. (12.8 x 17.8 cm). New Brunswick Museum, http://www.nbm-mnb.ca, (X11678).
Annie Sacobie at Entrance to a Birchbark Wigwam, Evandale, New Brunswick, c.1908. Postcard, colour letterpress halftone on card (8.6 x 13.8 cm). New Brunswick Museum, http://www.nbm-mnb.ca, (X14838).
Wolastoqew Village at Nerepis Bridge, St. John River, New Brunswick, c. 1910. Postcard, colour letterpress halftone on card (8.6 x 13.7 cm). New Brunswick Museum, http://www.nbm-mnb.ca, (X14851).
Wolastoqew Camp near Rothesay Park, New Brunswick, c.1910. Postcard, colour letterpress halftone on card (8.8 x 13.9 cm). New Brunswick Museum, http://www.nbm-mnb.ca, (X14841).
The Green at Fredericton, by James-Charles Armytage, c.1842. Published by George Virtue, London, 1842. Engraving in plate (13.0 x 18.2 cm). PANB (MC2946-MS2A).
Indian Dance at Government House, Fredericton, New Brunswick on the 1st of January 1835 at which Major W. N. Orange was present, by John Campbell, c. 1835. Painting (23.5 x 28.4 cm). McCord Museum, Montreal (M978.83.6).
Mission of Restigouche, by Thomas Armstrong, 1841. Engraving. From Vol. II of “The Canadas in 1841,” by Sir Richard H. Bonnycastle. New Brunswick Legislative Library, (917.1.B718).
Aboriginal Group at Gagetown, New Brunswick, 1875-78. James McClure & Company. Stereograph, albumen print mounted on card (8.7 x 17.6 cm). New Brunswick Museum, http://www.nbm-mnb.ca, (1956.43.19).
View of Saint John, New Brunswick, 1814, by Joseph Brown Comingo, after an 1821 painting. Watercolour, with pen and ink on wove paper (34.7 x 51.6 cm). New Brunswick Museum, http://www.nbm-mnb.ca, (1966.100A).